Alloy Steel Grade 12 Explained
Alloy Steel Grade 12 is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel specifically engineered for service in moderately high-temperature and pressure conditions. It provides good resistance to oxidation, thermal fatigue, and corrosion in steam and process environments. Widely used in heat recovery systems, steam pipelines, and pressure equipment, Grade 12 offers reliable strength with excellent thermal stability. Its good formability and machinability make it easy to fabricate, while proper heat treatment ensures long-term durability. Alloy Steel Grade 12 sheets and plates are valued for their consistent performance and cost efficiency in thermal systems.
GR 12 ALLOY STEEL SHEETS AND PLATES EQUIVALENT GRADES
| MATERIAL | STANDARD | UNS |
|---|---|---|
| E218 | A387 / SA387 | K11757 |
SPECIFICATION OF ALLOY STEEL GR 12 SHEETS AND PLATES
| Standard | ASTM A387 / ASME SA387 |
|---|---|
| Dimension Standard | JIS, AISI, ASTM, GB, DIN, EN, etc |
| Width | 1000mm, 1219mm, 1500mm, 1800mm, 2000mm, 2500mm, 3000mm, 3500mm, etc |
| Length | 2000mm, 2440mm, 3000mm, 5800mm, 6000mm, etc |
| Thickness | 0.3 mm to 120 mm |
| Form | Coils, Foils, Rolls, Plain Sheet, Shim Sheet, Perforated Sheet, Chequered Plate, Strip, Flats, Blank (Circle), Ring (Flange) etc. |
| Surface Finishing | Hot rolled plate (HR), Cold rolled sheet (CR), 2B, 2D, BA, NO.1, NO.4, NO.8, 8K, mirror, Chequered, embossed, hair line, sand blast, Brush, etching, SATIN (Met with Plastic Coated) etc. |
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ALLOY STEEL GR 12 SHEETS AND PLATES
| C% | Mn% | P% | S% | Si% | Cr% | Mo% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.04-0.17 | 0.35-0.73 | 0.035 max | 0.035 max | 0.13-0.45 | 0.74-1.21 | 0.4-0.65 |
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALLOY STEEL GR 12 SHEETS AND PLATES
| Property | Class 1 | Class 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (ksi) | 50-80 | 65-85 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 380-550 | 450-585 |
| Yield Strength (ksi) | 33 | 40 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 230 | 275 |
| Elongation in 200mm (%) | 18 | 19 |
| Elongation in 50mm (%) | 22 | 22 |
💡 Practical Difference in Use
Use Alloy Steel Grade 12 when: excellent high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and toughness are required along with good weldability for long-term service in power and chemical industries. → Example: steam boilers, superheaters, turbines, high-pressure piping, and heat exchangers operating under severe conditions.
Applications of Alloy Steel Grade 12 Sheets and Plates
Alloy Steel Grade 12 is a chromium-molybdenum steel optimized for high-temperature performance, providing strength, creep resistance, and durability over prolonged service.
- Power Generation: Steam turbines, superheaters, boiler tubes, and heat exchangers.
- Pressure Vessels: High-pressure chemical and steam vessels.
- Piping Systems: High-temperature and high-pressure pipelines in power and chemical plants.
When to Choose Alloy Steel Grade 12?
Alloy Steel Grade 12 is chosen for applications demanding long-term reliability under high-temperature and high-pressure service, with resistance to creep, fatigue, and oxidation.
Choose Alloy Steel Grade 12 when:
- Operating temperatures reach 550–620°C
- High creep and fatigue resistance is essential
- Used in boilers, turbines, and high-temperature piping systems
- Long-term operational safety and weldability are critical
- Durable performance in steam, chemical, or high-pressure environments is required
Industries That Use Alloy Steel Grade 12 Sheets and Plates
Alloy Steel Grade 12 is widely used in industries requiring high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and toughness for critical operations.
Key application in boilers, superheaters, and turbines.
Uses
Steam lines, heat exchangers, and high-temperature piping.
Why Alloy Steel Grade 12?
Exceptional long-term creep and fatigue resistance at high temperatures.
Used in high-pressure and high-temperature process equipment.
Uses
Refinery piping, chemical reactors, and pressure vessels.
Why Alloy Steel Grade 12?
High strength, toughness, and reliability under severe thermal conditions.
Applied where high-temperature corrosion and stress resistance is required.
Uses
High-pressure vessels, piping systems, and reactors.
Why Alloy Steel Grade 12?
Durable performance in harsh chemical and thermal environments.
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