High Quality Stainless Steel Sheets & Plates
309 / 310 / 310S • Formable • Ductile • Machinable
Get a QuoteStainless Steel 309 / 310 / 310S Explained
Stainless Steel 309, 310, and 310S are high-temperature chromium–nickel austenitic stainless steels developed for exceptional oxidation resistance and mechanical stability in continuous high-heat environments. These grades exhibit superior resistance to scaling, thermal fatigue, and carburizing atmospheres. SS 309 is suitable for elevated-temperature service, SS 310 offers excellent performance up to extreme temperatures, and SS 310S, with its low carbon content, provides improved weldability and resistance to carbide precipitation.
Commonly used in furnace components, radiant tubes, kiln linings, burners, heat treatment equipment, and thermal processing systems, SS 309/310/310S are trusted for long-term exposure to severe heat and cyclic temperature conditions. Their combination of high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and fabrication reliability makes them indispensable for industrial furnace and heating applications.
309/310/310S STAINLESS STEEL SHEETS AND PLATES EQUIVALENT GRADES
| STANDARD | UNS | WNR. | AFNOR | EN | JIS | BS | GOST |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SS 309 | S30900 | 1.4845 | Z7CN18-09 | X5CrNi18-10 | SUS 309 | 304S31 | 08X18H10 |
| SS 310 | S31000 | 1.4828/1.4307 | Z3CN18-10 | X2CrNi18-9 / X2CrNi19-11 | SUS 310 | 304S11 | 03X18H11 |
| SS 310S | S31008 | 1.4845 |
SPECIFICATION OF STAINLESS STEEL 309/310/310S SHEETS AND PLATES
| Standard | ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 |
|---|---|
| Dimension Standard | JIS, AISI, ASTM, GB, DIN, EN, etc |
| Width | 1000mm, 1219mm, 1500mm, 1800mm, 2000mm, 2500mm, 3000mm, 3500mm, etc |
| Length | 2000mm, 2440mm, 3000mm, 5800mm, 6000mm, etc |
| Thickness | 0.3 mm to 120 mm |
| Form | Coils, Foils, Rolls, Plain Sheet, Shim Sheet, Perforated Sheet, Chequered Plate, Strip, Flats, Blank (Circle), Ring (Flange) etc. |
| Surface Finishing | Hot rolled plate (HR), Cold rolled sheet (CR), 2B, 2D, BA, NO.1, NO.4, NO.8, 8K, mirror, Chequered, embossed, hair line, sand blast, Brush, etching, SATIN (Met with Plastic Coated) etc. |
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF STAINLESS STEEL 309/310/310S SHEETS AND PLATES
| Grade | C% | Mn% | Si% | P% | S% | Cr% | Ni% | Fe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 309 | 0.20 max | 2.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 22-24 | 12-15 | Balance |
| 310 | 0.25 max | 2.0 max | 1.50 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 24-26 | 8.0-12.0 | Balance |
| 310S | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 1.50 max | 0.045 max | 0.030 max | 24-26 | 19-22 | Balance |
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STAINLESS STEEL 309/310/310S SHEETS AND PLATES
| Grade | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Elongation (%) | Hardness (Brinell) MAX |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 309 | 40 ksi min | 30 ksi min | 40 | 217 |
| 310 | 75,000 Psi (515 MPa) | 30,000 Psi (205 MPa) | 40 | – |
| 310S | 75,000 Psi (515 MPa) | 30,000 Psi (205 MPa) | 40 | – |
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 309 STAINLESS STEEL
| Density (lb/in³) | Thermal Conductivity (BTU/h ft. °F) | Electrical Resistivity (in x 10⁻⁶) | Modulus of Elasticity (psi x 10⁶) | Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (in/in)/ °F x 10⁻⁶ | Specific Heat (BTU/lb/ °F) | Melting Range (°F) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.285 at 68°F | 9.0 at 32-212°F | 30.7 at 68°F | 28.5 | 8.28 at 32-212°F | 0.1200 at 68°F to 212°F | 2500-2590 |
💡 Practical Difference in Use
Use Stainless Steel 309 when: good oxidation resistance with strong performance at moderately high temperatures is required for continuous heat exposure.
→ Example: furnace parts, combustion chambers, refractory anchors, heat shields, and thermal processing equipment.
Use Stainless Steel 310 when: extremely high resistance to scaling, oxidation, and thermal fatigue is required for continuous service at very high temperatures.
→ Example: kiln linings, radiant tubes, burners, furnace muffles, incinerator components, and high-temperature heat exchangers.
Use Stainless Steel 310S when: superior weldability with excellent oxidation resistance is required for severe thermal cycling and high-temperature fabrications. → Example: heat treatment fixtures, petrochemical heaters, furnace fixtures, radiant coils, and high-temperature pressure components.
Applications of Stainless Steel 309 / 310 / 310S Sheets and Plates
Stainless Steel 309, 310, and 310S are widely utilized in industries where extreme heat resistance, oxidation protection, and long-term thermal stability are critical.
- Furnace & Kiln Equipment: Excellent resistance to scaling and thermal shock in continuous high-temperature operations.
- Petrochemical & Refinery Industry: Suitable for heaters, cracking furnaces, and thermal processing units.
- Heat Treatment Industry: Used for baskets, trays, fixtures, and radiant tubes.
When to Choose Stainless Steel 309 vs. 310 vs. 310S?
The choice depends on operating temperature range, required oxidation resistance, and fabrication conditions.
Choose SS 309 when:
- Moderately high temperature resistance is required
- Good oxidation resistance is sufficient
- Cost-sensitive high-temperature applications are needed
- Used in furnace components and heat shields
- Better strength than SS 304 at elevated temperatures is required
- Intermittent high-temperature service is involved
Choose SS 310 when:
- Extremely high temperature resistance is required
- Maximum oxidation and scaling resistance is critical
- Continuous service above 1000°C is expected
- Used in furnaces, kilns, and incinerators
- Excellent resistance to thermal fatigue is needed
- High chromium and nickel content is preferred
Choose SS 310S when:
- Heavy welding is involved in high-temperature environments
- Resistance to carbide precipitation is critical
- Superior weldability is required without post-weld heat treatment
- Used in petrochemical heaters and radiant coils
- Better performance under thermal cycling is needed
- Low carbon content is beneficial
Industries That Use Stainless Steel 309 / 310 / 310S Sheets and Plates
These high-temperature stainless steels are extensively used in industries where thermal stability, oxidation resistance, and long service life under extreme heat are essential.
Primary application area due to outstanding heat resistance.
Uses
Radiant tubes, furnace muffles, baskets, and fixtures.
Why SS 309/310?
Superior oxidation resistance and thermal stability.
Used in extreme temperature processing systems.
Uses
Cracking furnaces, heaters, burners, and reformer units.
Why SS 309/310?
Excellent resistance to carburization and scaling.
Used in high-temperature boiler and thermal equipment.
Uses
Superheater parts, ducting, expansion joints.
Why SS 310?
Outstanding performance under continuous high heat.
Withstands high heat and dust-laden environments.
Uses
Kiln nozzles, liners, and burner components.
Why SS 309/310?
Exceptional resistance to scaling and thermal shock.
Used for continuous exposure to extreme temperatures.
Uses
Incinerator linings, combustion grates, heat shields.
Why SS 310?
High chromium and nickel ensure long furnace life.
Used in thermal processing of metals.
Uses
Annealing furnaces, soaking pits, reheating furnaces.
Why SS 309/310?
Maintains strength at extremely high temperatures.
Used where heat and corrosion act together.
Uses
Thermal reactors, heated vessels, process heaters.
Why SS 310S?
Excellent weldability and resistance to thermal fatigue.
Operates under extreme thermal cycling.
Uses
Glass melting equipment, furnace rollers.
Why SS 309/310?
Superior resistance to scaling and oxidation.
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